Smoking and Vaping 1 article

Smoking and Vaping addresses tobacco, nicotine and electronic-cigarette exposure in relation to oral disease, healing and preventive care. Smoking is an established risk factor for periodontal disease and oral cancer, while vaping raises separate questions about aerosol exposure, nicotine dependence and the quality of available evidence. Coverage includes cessation support and risk communication, with care taken not to treat all tobacco and vaping products as equivalent or to overstate uncertain clinical effects.